A person who commits murder but does the act in the heat of passion caused by sudden provocation is guilty of manslaughter only (Section 213). Provocation is defined to include any wrongful act or insult of such a nature as to be likely to deprive an ordinary person of self-control and to induce such a person to assault the person who committed the act or insult (Section 214). Section 230 addresses women who causes the death of their child under the age of 12 months. While this would typically be murder, this provision reduces the offence to manslaughter if the woman’s mind is “disturbed” by not having recovered from giving birth or due to the effects of lactation. Section 231 prohibits any person from preventing a child to be born alive in such a manner that if the child had been born alive and then had died the person would have been deemed to have unlawfully killed the child. The offence is punishable by imprisonment for life. Section 232A prohibits a woman from abandoning her child at birth after delivery, regardless of whether the child survives and the offence is punishable by two years of imprisonment.
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