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§ 4-000. ABBREVIATIONS AND OMISSIONS USED IN CITATIONS

§ 4-100. Words Abbreviated in Case Names [BB|ALWD]

Set out below is a table of words and their Bluebook abbreviations with links to examples:

A-B C D-E F-L M-O P-R S-Z

Abbreviate the listed words wherever they appear in a party's name that is part of a citation. In addition, abbreviate any state that is included in a party name. (See § 4-500.) When the case is being referred to in a sentence of the text itself rather than simply as a citation only the words starred [*] in the table below should be abbreviated.

Any other word of eight letters or more not on the following list may also be abbreviated if the abbreviation chosen saves substantial space and reasonably connotes the original word. As a consequence of this Bluebook principle case names prepared according to the ALWD Citation Manual's far more extensive list of "General Abbreviations" will, for the most part, comply, as well, with The Bluebook. There are a few minor points of divergence, however, and one systematic difference. For a number of words, but following no consistent pattern, The Bluebook uses contractions (e.g., Eng'r and Int'l, though curiously Envtl.). The ALWD Citation Manual abbreviations use no apostrophes; all end with periods (e.g., Engr. and Intl.).

Except when the abbreviation list explicitly provides for the plural, the plural of a listed word is abbreviated by adding an "s" to the abbreviation of the singular.

Thus:

A-B     C    
Academy Acad. «e.g.» Casualty Cas. «e.g.»
Administrative or Administration Admin. «e.g.» Center or Centre Ctr. «e.g.»
Administrator or Administratrix Adm'[r,x] «e.g.» Central Cent. «e.g.»
Advertising Adver. «e.g.» Chemical Chem. «e.g.»
Agriculture or Agricultural Agric. «e.g.» Coalition Coal. «e.g.»
America or American Am. «e.g.» College Coll. «e.g.»
And * & «e.g.» Commission Comm'n «e.g.»
Associate Assoc. «e.g.» Commissioner Comm'r «e.g.»
Association * Ass'n «e.g.» Committee Comm. «e.g.»
Atlantic Atl. «e.g.» Community Cmty. «e.g.»
Authority Auth. «e.g.» Communication Commc'n «e.g.»
Automobile or Automotive Auto. «e.g.» Company * Co. «e.g.»
Avenue Ave. «e.g.» Compensation Comp. «e.g.»
Bankruptcy Bankr. «e.g.» Condominium Condo. «e.g.»
Board Bd. «e.g.» Congress or Congressional Cong. «e.g.»
Broadcast or Broadcasting Broad. «e.g.» Consolidated Consol. «e.g.»
Brotherhood Bhd. «e.g.» Construction Constr. «e.g.»
Brothers * Bros. «e.g.» Continental Cont'l «e.g.»
Building Bldg. «e.g.» Cooperative Coop. «e.g.»
Business Bus. «e.g.» Corporation * Corp. «e.g.»
      Correction, Correctional, or Corrections Corr. «e.g.»

 

D-E   F-K    
Defense Def. «e.g.» Federal Fed. «e.g.»
Department Dep't «e.g.» Federation Fed'n «e.g.»
Detention Det. «e.g.» Fidelity Fid. «e.g.»
Development Dev. «e.g.» Finance, Financial, or Financing Fin. «e.g.»
Director Dir. «e.g.» Foundation Found. «e.g.»
Discount Disc. «e.g.» General Gen. «e.g.»
Distributor or Distributing Distrib. «e.g.» Government Gov't «e.g.»
District Dist. «e.g.» Guaranty Guar. «e.g.»
Division Div. «e.g.» Hospital Hosp. «e.g.»
East or Eastern E. «e.g.» Housing Hous. «e.g.»
Economic, Economical, Economics, or Economy Econ. «e.g.» Import, Importation, or Importer Imp. «e.g.»
Education or Educational Educ. «e.g.» Incorporated * Inc. «e.g.»
Electric, Electrical, Electricity, or Electronic Elec. «e.g.» Indemnity Indem. «e.g.»
Engineer Eng'r «e.g.» Independent Indep. «e.g.»
Engineering Eng'g «e.g.» Industry, Industries, or Industrial Indus. «e.g.»
Enterprise Enter. «e.g.» Information Info. «e.g.»
Entertainment Entm't «e.g.» Institute or Institution Inst. «e.g.»
Environment Env't «e.g.» Insurance Ins. «e.g.»
Environmental Envtl. «e.g.» International Int'l «e.g.»
Equality Equal. «e.g.» Investment Inv. «e.g.»
Equipment Equip. «e.g.» Laboratory Lab. «e.g.»
Examiner Exam'r «e.g.» Liability Liab. «e.g.»
Exchange Exch. «e.g.» Limited * Ltd. «e.g.»
Executor or Executrix Ex'[r,x] «e.g.» Litigation Litig. «e.g.»
Export, Exportation, or Exporter Exp. «e.g.»      

 

M-O   P-R    
Machine or Machinery Mach. «e.g.» Pacific Pac. «e.g.»
Maintenance Maint. «e.g.» Partnership P'ship «e.g.»
Management Mgmt. «e.g.» Person, Personal, or Personnel Pers. «e.g.»
Manufacturer Mfr. «e.g.» Pharmaceutics or Pharmaceuticals Pharm. «e.g.»
Manufacturing Mfg. «e.g.» Preserve or Preservation Pres. «e.g.»
Maritime Mar. «e.g.» Probation Prob. «e.g.»
Market Mkt. «e.g.» Product or Production Prod. «e.g.»
Marketing Mktg. «e.g.» Professional Prof'l «e.g.»
Mechanic or Mechanical Mech. «e.g.» Property Prop. «e.g.»
Medical or Medicine Med. «e.g.» Protection Prot. «e.g.»
Memorial Mem'l «e.g.» Public Pub. «e.g.»
Merchant, Merchandise, or Merchandising Merch. «e.g.» Publication Publ'n «e.g.»
Metropolitan Metro. «e.g.» Publishing Publ'g «e.g.»
Municipal Mun. «e.g.» Railroad R.R. «e.g.»
Mutual Mut. «e.g.» Railway Ry. «e.g.»
National Nat'l «e.g.» Refining Ref. «e.g.»
North or Northern N. «e.g.» Regional Reg'l «e.g.»
Northeast or Northeastern Ne. «e.g.» Rehabilitation Rehab. «e.g.»
Northwest or Northwestern Nw. «e.g.» Reproduction or Reproductive Reprod. «e.g.»
Number * No. «e.g.» Resource or Resources Res. «e.g.»
Organization or Organizing Org. «e.g.» Restaurant Rest. «e.g.»
      Retirement Ret. «e.g.»
      Road Rd. «e.g.»

 

S     T-Z    
Savings Sav. «e.g.» Technology Tech. «e.g.»
School or Schools Sch. «e.g.» Telecommunication Telecomm. «e.g.»
Science Sci. «e.g.» Telephone or Telegraph Tel. «e.g.»
Secretary Sec'y «e.g.» Temporary Temp. «e.g.»
Security or Securities Sec. «e.g.» Township Twp. «e.g.»
Service Serv. «e.g.» Transcontinental Transcon. «e.g.»
Shareholder S'holder «e.g.» Transport or Transportation Transp. «e.g.»
Social Soc. «e.g.» Trustee Tr. «e.g.»
Society Soc'y «e.g.» Turnpike Tpk. «e.g.»
Southeast or Southeastern Se. «e.g.» Uniform Unif. «e.g.»
Southwest or Southwestern Sw. «e.g.» University Univ. «e.g.»
South or Southern S. «e.g.» Utility Util. «e.g.»
Steamship or Steamships S.S. «e.g.» Village Vill. «e.g.»
Street St. «e.g.» West or Western W. «e.g.»
Subcommittee Subcomm. «e.g.»      
Surety Sur. «e.g.»      
System or Systems Sys. «e.g.»      

 

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